Managerial and Soft skills management
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Question paper 1
SECTION-A
Write short notes on any FOUR of the following :
1. What is emotional intelligence ?
Answer:
Emotional intelligence referred to the capability of a person to manage and control his or her emotions and process the ability to control the emotion of other as well. In word, they can influence the emotion of other people also. E i is a very important skill in leadership. It is said to have five main element such as self awareness, self-regulation, motivation and Social Skill for example if you are self aware of what are you going thought you would be in a better position to understand others and affect people around you.
2. What do you mean by ethical dilemmas?
Answer:
An ethical dilemma is problem in decision making process between two possible option neither of which is absolutely acceptable from ethical perspective. Although we face many ethical and moral problems in our life most of them come with relatively straight words solution.
On the other hand ethical dilemmas are extremely complicated challenges that cannot be easily solved therefore the ability to find the the optional solution for Ethical dilemma is critical to everyone.
Every person can encounter an ethical dilemma in almost every aspect of their life including personal social and professional.
3. List down the common mistakes in writing and sending e-mails.
Answer:
1. Forgetting to use a greeting or closing always open with a greeting when beginning a conversation. Otherwise your email will come off as traces and demanding. The same goes for including a closing line. Every single word you speak or type is about formatting a impression and building your brand.
2. Being too formal while formality remain crucial to professionalism if you are emailing client you call by their first name in person don't really went to honorific coma such as Mr or Mrs in their email, advice. Your email opening should always reflect your relationship with that person.
4. Why is it important to have a covering letter with the Resume ?
Answer:
The cover letter allows you to target the job and the employer in a very specific way leaving the resume to market your skills common qualities and experience as a part of the bigger picture. Your resume that needs lesser tweaking with each application because the letter coma which must be different each time does that for you.
A grade cover letter should not just repeat your resume in a shorter form what should tell the employer what it is about the job that is attractive to you and why you want to work for that employer. You will also need to include the unique skill and qualities you bring to that job.
5. Differentiate between Verbal and Non-Verbal communication.
Answer:
Communication is natural phenomena coma it is an act of interacting with people and sharing information with them.
There are two type of communication verbal and nonverbal communication.
Verbal communication verbal communication is a form of communication in which you are using words to change the information with other people either in form of speech or writing
On the country nonverbal communication does not use word for communicating anything but some other modes are used I e where communication take place by way of unspoken and unwritten messages such as body language, facial expression, sign language etc.
6. List down the various sources of stress, you feel as a student disturb you.
Answer:
Stress is a normal part of students life. A little stress is actually good as it motivates students to overcome challenges
There are three source of stress
1. Financial stress every student has concern about Finance. They worry about home they will pay for classes repay loans etc. Even those student who have parents conveying the full cost of school and colleges stress over money.
2. Job Outlook stress stress comes from releasing they will not be able to pay of their loans of many years. They started looking for jobs that will help them pay of their loans as quickly as possible.
3. Academic stress the requirements from one class alone can be daunting. Professor and teacher ask for assignment coma research papers out of class activities etc. Student also take stress regarding scoring high marks.
SECTION-B
7. What is interpersonal relationship? Why is it important for managers and how can you improve the interpersonal skills of managers ?
Answer:
A strong bond between two or more people refer to interpersonal relationship. Attraction between individuals bring them close to each other and eventually result in a strong interpersonal relationship.
Form of interpersonal relationship
An interpersonal can develop between any of the following
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Individual working together in same organization.
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People working in in the same t h e m.
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Relationship between a man and woman love marriage
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Relationship with immediate family members and relative, children friends etc.
Improvement in interpersonal skill of managers
1. Cultivae a positive outlook:- teach yourself to be positive reminding yourself everyday of good things about your life and your jobs. If you are upset about personal matter, set those feeling a side until after work full stop if you are stressed about a work issue look for the positive in the situation and try to built on that.
2. Control your emotions:- work is not place to be e overly emotional. Whether you are extremely irritated, depressed or happy, take a deep breath and turn your emotions down. Always Express yourself in a calm and patient manners.
3. Acknowledge other’s expertise:- one of the best way to build trust at a work is to let your coworker know your appreciate their experience or expertise. Ask for their help on project and give credit where credit is due.
4. Show a real interest:- you work side by side with your colleague for eight hours every day it is on logical that you will learn something about their lives. Makeup point of getting to know what important to you coworker. It will help solidify your relationship with them.
5. Be assertive:- according to the the help guide article effective communication improving communication skill in your work and personal relationship. It is important to be assistive. Be confident in your ability and opinion, and don't be afraid to express your need as well as your limits.
6. Practice empathy:- gain a well-rounded view of thing by putting yourself in other people's shoe full stop this will help you develop empathy for other, which in turn goes a long way in finding solution that work for all involved.
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8. What is SREDIM approach to problem solving ? Discuss.
Answer:
SREDIM is a method off task analysis. It is an acronym derived from the words select record, examine, develop OK, install implement it and maintain. This methods analyses system can be used to analyses any process to determine part of the process which are inefficient Or can be improved.
1. Define the problem:- differentiate factor from opinion
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Specify underlying causes.
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Concert each faction involved for information.
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State the problem specifically
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Identify what standard or Expectations is violated.
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Determine in which process the problem lies.
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Avoid trying to solve the problem without data.
2. Generate alternative Solutions:- postpone evaluating alternative initially
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Include all involve individual in in the generating of alternatives.
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Specified alternative consistent with organizational goals.
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Specify short and long term alternative.
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Brainstorm on others idea.
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Sikh ulta native that may solve the problem.
3. Evaluate and select an alternative:-
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Evaluate alternative relative to target standard.
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Evaluate all alternative without b i a s.
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Evaluate alternative relative to established goals.
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Evaluate both proven and possible outcomes.
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State the selected alternative explicitly
4. Implement and follow up on the solution:-
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Plan and implement a pilot test of the chosen alternative.
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Gather feedback from all affected parties.
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Seek acceptance or a consequence by all those affected.
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Establish outgoing measures and monitoring.
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Establish long-term result based on final solutions.
Monitor and follow:-
Monitor and follow up to see that all the changes and agreed and recommended have in factor being implemented and that they have proved to be as successful and intend ant and also to learn from problems and shortcomings. The review of failures is an important opportunity for feedback leading to corrective action and improved performance in the future there should be period x reviews to see what practical difficulties have been encounter in the operational of the system and what modifications are necessary to rectify any problems.
After long period of 9 a few sport can might prove useful. In office system there is a phenomenon which could be chord drift. All matter developments to its original state. Unless properly monitored there is a tendency for staff to drift back into the old ways of doing things and so eventually and the situation would be back to square one if not checked.
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9. Critically evaluate the sources of stress to managers.
Answer:
There are different source of stress to manage
A. Extra Organisational System:- Job stress is not limited to think that happen inside the organization during the working or extra organizational factor also contribute to the job stress.
Jesus stress include the following factors
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Political Factors:- Political factors are likely to cause stress in in which suffer from political uncertainties as an Iran for example. The obvious reason is that the countries have stable political system where changes is typically implemented in an orderly manners.
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Economic Factors:- Change in Business Cycle create economic uncertainty. When the economic contract people get worried about their own security are very important example is the Great Depression of 1930. During this period, suicide rate touch the sky minor reasons also cause stress in the economy after of an accompanied by permanent reductions in the workforce, temporary layoff or reduction in.
B. Organisational Stressors:- In organizations, there is no shortage of factors which can cause a stress. Almost every aspect work can be stress or for someone. Although there are many factor in the work environment that have same influence or extent of stress that people experience at their jobs.
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Job related Factors:- Job rated factors of task demand are related to job performed by an individual. If a job is to row 3, dull and boring or happened to be too demanding in term of frequent transforms or constant traveling, which limit the time he can spend with his family, the individuals is likely to experience of stress.
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Role related Factors > Role conflict :- Role conflict occur when two or more person have different and sometime opposite Expectations of a given individual. Does there are two or more set of freshers on individual so that it is not possible to satisfy all of them. Role conflict take place when manager may be asked to produce a creative campaign while on the other hand time consistent you should put upon him both roles being a conflict with each other.
C. Group Stressors:- Another source of stress in organization is poor interpersonal relationship on conflicts these conflicts can be among the members of the group or between superiors and subordinates.
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Lack of social Support:- Satisfaction through a state of mind is primarily influenced by a positive eternal factor. This factor include friend respect from other member and self respective, sport, opportunity to interact achievement, protection against threats and a feeling of security. In this type of social sport is lacking for individual, it can be very stressful.
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Conflict :- People who are working in the organizations are prone to interpersonal and inter group conflict conflict has both functional and dysfunctional aspects. Whenever conflicts has dysfunctional consequences it will lead to stress in all the the concert parties.
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10. Draft a resume for a young B. Tech. (civil engineering) graduate with a special interest in commercial constructions and factory layout, to apply for a job in a construction company,
Answer:
Civil Engineer
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Upcoming graduate of ABET accredited bachelors in civil engineering program. Backed by successful internship experience and knowledge of engineering, principal specification add standards. Plan to an engineer one training certification upon graduation
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Demonstrated 3D skills with the ability to design the the the site layout form concept through completion perfect user off auto Civil 3D, micro station and GIS.
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Knowledge of some town, MI multiple planning code and zooming subdivision and storm water ordinates.
Education and credentials
ABC University, Some town , MI
Bechlor of science in civik engeneering program
120/132 credits completed
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Hones: Chi Epsilon (Civil Engineering Honor society ), deaus list (5th semester)
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Activities : Member , American society of civil engineering and a emerging green builders (EGB) planning committee engineering Expo.
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Cource Highlights:
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Civil engineering design
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Cost estimating and surviving
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Structural analysis and dynamics
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constitution method
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Traffic and material engineering
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Environmental engineering
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Water resource engineering
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Contract and steel design
Professional Experiences
XYZ company sometown MI
Engineering from serving government and commercial clients
Assisted civil engineering on survival government project one volume design and improvements, solution traffic congestion and replacement of of bridge.
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SECTION-C
11. Briefly describe the various elements of emotional intelligence.
Answer:
Emotional intelligence e involves the ability to understand and manage emotion. Expert agree that this type of Intelligence plays an important role in success and some have suggested that emotion intelligence might even be more important than IQ. In encase research has asked that emotional intelligence is limited to everything from decision-making academic achievement.
1. Self-Awareness:- Self- awareness, or the ability to recognized and understand your own emotions, is a critical part of emotional intelligence. Beyond just recognizing your emotions however, it's being aware of effect of your own action, modes and emotions of other people
2. Self regulation:- In addition to being aware of your own emotions and the impact of you have other, emotional intelligence is required you to be able to regulate and manage your emotion. This doesn't mean Padang emotion on lock down and hiding your true feeling it simply means waiting for the right time, place and revenue to express your emotion self regulations is all above expressing your emotion appropriately.
Those who are skilled in staff regulation tend to be flexible and adapt well to change. There also good at managing conflicts and diffusing tense or difficult situation.
Goldman also suggested that those with strong self-regulation skill and high in consciousness full stop there hot full of how they influence other and take responsibilities for their own action.
3. Social Skills:- Being able to interact well with other is another important aspect of emotional intelligence. To emotion understanding involves more than just understanding your own emotions and the feeling of other you also need to be able to put this information to work in your daily interaction and communication.
In professional setting manage benefit by being able to build relationship and connection with employees while worker can benefit for being able to develop a strong reports with leader and coworker. Some important Social Skill include active listening verbal communication skill, non verbal skills, leadership and per
emotional intelligence e involves the ability to understand and manage emotion. Expert agree that this type of Intelligence plays an important role in success and some have suggested that emotion intelligence might even be more important than IQ. In encase research has asked that emotional intelligence is limited to everything from decision-making academic achievement.
1. Self-Awareness:- Self- awareness, or the ability to recognized and understand your own emotions, is a critical part of emotional intelligence. Beyond just recognizing your emotions however, it's being aware of effect of your own action, modes and emotions of other people
2. Self regulation:- In addition to being aware of your own emotions and the impact of you have other, emotional intelligence is required you to be able to regulate and manage your emotion. This doesn't mean Padang emotion on lock down and hiding your true feeling it simply means waiting for the right time, place and revenue to express your emotion self regulations is all above expressing your emotion appropriately.
Those who are skilled in staff regulation tend to be flexible and adapt well to change. There also good at managing conflicts and diffusing tense or difficult situation.
Goldman also suggested that those with strong self-regulation skill and high in consciousness full stop there hot full of how they influence other and take responsibilities for their own action.
3. Social Skills:- Being able to interact well with other is another important aspect of emotional intelligence. To emotion understanding involves more than just understanding your own emotions and the feeling of other you also need to be able to put this information to work in your daily interaction and communication.
In professional setting manage benefit by being able to build relationship and connection with employees while worker can benefit for being able to develop a strong reports with leader and coworker. Some important Social Skill include active listening verbal communication skill, non verbal skills, leadership and persuasiveness
4. Empathy:- Empathy OR the ability to understand how other are feeling, is absolutely critical to emotional intelligence. But this involves more than just being able to recognize the emotions state of others.
It also involves your responses to people based on the information. When you you sense that someone is feeling sad or hopeless, for example it will likely influence how you response to that individual. You my treat them with extra care and concern or you might make an effort to buy their spirits.
5. Motivation:- Intrinsic motivation also play a key role in emotional intelligence for staff people who are emotional intelligence are motivated by things beyond more external reward like Fame, money, Rekha Ganesan and acclaim.
Instead, they have a passion to fulfill their own inner need and goals. This things that lead to internal reward experience follow from being totally end through turn with an activity E, and pressure peak experience.
Those who are component in this area tend to be action-oriented. This at a girls have a high need for achievement and are always looking for way to do better.
suasiveness
4. Empathy:- Empathy OR the ability to understand how other are feeling, is absolutely critical to emotional intelligence. But this involves more than just being able to recognize the emotions state of others.
It also involves your responses to people based on the information. When you you sense that someone is feeling sad or hopeless, for example it will likely influence how you response to that individual. You my treat them with extra care and concern or you might make an effort to buy their spirits.
5. Motivation:- Intrinsic motivation also play a key role in emotional intelligence for staff people who are emotional intelligence are motivated by things beyond more external reward like Fame, money, Rekha Ganesan and acclaim.
Instead, they have a passion to fulfill their own inner need and goals. This things that lead to internal reward experience follow from being totally end through turn with an activity E, and pressure peak experience.
Those who are component in this area tend to be action-oriented. This at a girls have a high need for achievement and are always looking for way to do better.
12. Listening is an art and like any other art, it has to be cultivated consciously. Discuss.
Answer:
Listening is one of the most overlooked communication skill in today's digital area full stop in a world full of directions, it has become drastically more challenging for us to settle our mind and stay focused during our day to day conversation.
As much as Technology has transformed and improve the way we communicate with one another thought digital means I believe the very innovations that have enhance your daily interaction have simultaneously crippled our interpersonal skill as we speak.
The three levels of listening are
At times, I find myself guilty of asking the same old question can you repeat what you just said ? That usually happen when I am this time distracted by other things and fail to pay full attention to what the other person is saying.
There are three levels of listening you can identify with a pay attention to difference between one another;
1. Absent listening:- Occurs when you and the speaker are on completely different wavelength due to lack of concentration aur physical involvement ok, or when you are just not a processing what you are hearing e.g replying with us separate topic without addressing the speakers words.
2. Partial listening:- Occurs when you hear some of what the speaker say fluctuating attention and modulate concentration. You typically respond based on the overall impression gleaned rather than addressing specific detail mentioned by the speaker.
3. Full listening:- Occurs when you can digest most are of the information with the ability to reply to the other person in proper, which required your maximum and tension and consideration as well as a good level of eye contact.
# common barriers to active listening are
There can be Ee multitude of reason explaining why we struggle to focus and listen when other are speaking to us there are some common factor that can pose a hindrance to our ability to listen attentively.
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Environmental Barriers:- Background noise, distance between the speaker and the listener, poor sitting arrangement, interpretation from an Unexpected situation.
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Barriers Related to speaker:- Talking to fast, objecting to what the speaker is saying, the complexity of the content in comprehensible accent.
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Intrinsic Barriers:- Impatience wandering thoughts this interested in what the speaker is saying, selective hearing.
Additional we are born to have certain filtering tendencies that will affect our understanding of what are the other person is trying to tell us.
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Brief filter
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Experience filter
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Mood filter
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13. (a) Differentiate between Integrated and Distributive Negotiations.
Answer:
Distributive Negotiation:-
This strategy is also popular as the fixed strategy stop this involved allocating shares of a finite resources among the negotiator. Weather limited resources for the taking, every weather limited resources for the taking, every negotiating party views every other party as an adversary and this is reflected in the debate over the allocation of shares for stop every party tries to put its best foot forward to Grab a bigger chunk of the resources full stop along with that, it's important for the negotiator to have a good idea of the competitive position of the Other negotiator. This will help when the actual debate on who should get how much begin. In essence this negotiation strategy required acting defensive reversed.
Integrative Negotiation:-
This is quite a contrast to the above strategy as this involve a join initiative. That will prove beneficial to all negotiations parties full stop the negotiator do not build up on how much they will receive all efforts are directed at increasing the total pay of thought virtual Corporation since negotiations strategy is based on common interest and join effect of all the parties involved in the negotiation, each party perceives the others as a friend and collaborators.
(b) List down the Do's and Dont's for a good interview.
Answer:
Do and Don’t for a good interview:-
1. What to wear:-
Do:- Research the company, check out the website, Facebook page, Twitter feed, and other social media before interview. How does the company present itself, it workplace culture and its employees. If the dress code ideas to Be business casual, then break out your slacks and dress shirt. If it's more formal than a dress a part in traditional business attire from head to foot.
Don’t:- Dress down. It's better to be slightly more formal than a required danto come to the interview dressed to casual, as this gives the appearance that you are not serious about the position. If you are and you sure at all, dresses better than you think is necessary.
2. How to talk about past employers
Do:- Give diplomatic responses about all the employees, even if your tenure at a formal job ended badly.
Don’t:- You will not win. With your next potential Boss by speaking badly of A pass 1. So do not a criticize of past employers.
3. How to compensate for weaknesses:-
Do:- Be honest about element of your experience for employment record that may not be ideal for the position for stop if you have gap in your resume experienced all lay off for dismissal farmer if you are messing ki experience or skill in the job description, be thankful and then leverage the conversation back to your strengths.
Don’t:- Never lies about past employment mister or pretend to have skill that you do not have. A good interview was will see thought and accept to mislead. And even if you lies does not get your to the next stage in the hiring process you are likely to be disqualified later in the vetting process.
14. How do postures help you assess a person's confidence or diffidence ? Explain with examples.
Answer:
Your body language can be a useful instrument to appear confident. Don't let slumped Shoulders for a nervous habit detail the message you are trying to convey.
1. Maintain an assertive posture:- To stand confidently, keep your legs aligned with your shoulders. And your feet approximately 4 to 6 inches apart. Distribute your weight equally on both lake, keep your shoulders back but not way back and turn your body towards other.
2. Consider using power poses:- The social psychologist reveals that just 2 mint of various power process can greatly have to make someone feel appear more confident. In this poses much of which involve is open body position that take up space, your body signal to the brain that you are feeling confident, and in turn the brain produces more and lower your level also know as the stress hormones.
3. Watch your hands:- The last thing you want to do is offend someone by jabbing a finger in his or her face. Pointing can seem aggressive, but many people do it without out understanding how immediate it may be to others. Instead when you are explaining an idea, pointer with an open palm and keep your finger together stop universally gesturing with an open hand Palm facing up up, has a positive effect on other, communication, acceptance open, Corporation and trustworthiness
4. Pay attention to your face:- Know what your standard face looks like. This is the face that most people see when you are looking at them, listening to them or just not talking in journal. Some people standard faces can be very stern and not a communicate what they are feeling on the inside.
5. Maintain appropriate eye contact:- When you are able to maintain eye contact you are communicating to other that you are honest, approachable and confident. Those who are not able to maintain eye contact or 8 the first to break eye contact signal that they are hiding something, feeling uncomfortable or projecting Elo status then or submissiveness to the person they are speaking with. Just make sure that your eye contact is appropriate and does not become too aggressive, making other uncomfortable.
6. Mirror body language of others:- If you want to Bond with others consider my nearing their body language to build understanding and acceptance. For instead in someone is sitting in certain ways, consider sitting in a similar position or mirroring the expression, moment and other sample mannerism of the person.
But it is not enough to make our copy someone ease's body language you are need to know when it's not appropriate to do so. The success of mirroring comes down to doing it in a way that feels and seems natural, not to imitate or irk those around you.