1. Introduction: (02 hrs)
1.1 Definition of irrigation
1.2 Necessity of irrigation
1.3 History of development of irrigation in India
1.4 Major, medium and minor irrigation projects
2. Water Requirement of Crops (06 hrs)
2.1 Principal crops in India and their water requirements
2.2 Crop seasons – Kharif and Rabi
2.3 Soil water, soil crop and water relationships, duty, delta and base period,
their relationship
2.4 Gross commanded area (GCA), culturable commanded area (CCA),
intensity of irrigation, irrigable area
3. Hydrological Cycle Catchment Area and Run-off (06 hrs)
Rainfall , definition rain-gauges – automatic and non-automatic, methods of
estimating average rainfall (Arithmatic system); catchment area runoff, factors
affecting runoff, hydrograph, basic concept of unit hydrograph.
4. Methods of Irrigation (07 hrs)
4.1 Flow irrigation - its advantages and limitations
4.2 Lift Irrigation – Tube well and open well irrigation, their advantages and
disadvantages
4.3 Sprinkler irrigation conditions favourable and essential requirements for
sprinkler irrigation, sprinkler system – classification and component parts
4.4 Drip irrigation, suitability of drip irrigation, layout, component parts,
advantages
5. Canals (08 hrs)
5.1 Classification, apurtenancs of a canal and their functions, sketches of
different canal cross-sections (unlined)
5.2 Various types of canal lining - their related advantages and disadvantages,
sketches of different lined canal x-sections
5.3 Breaches and their control
5.4 Maintenance of lined and unlined canals
6. Tube Well Irrigation (09 hrs)
6.1 Introduction, occurrence of ground water, location and command,
advantages and disadvantages, comparison with canal irrigation
6.2 Tube wells, explanation of terms: water table, radius of influence,
depression head, cone of depression, confined and unconfined aquifers.
Yield of a well and methods of determining yield of well
6.3 Types of tube wells, cavity, strainer and slotted type;
6.4 Method of boring, installation of well assembly, development of well,
pump selection and installation and maintenance
6.5 Water Harvesting Techniques: Need and requirement of various methods,
Run-off from roof top and ground surface, construction of recharge pits
and recharge wells and their maintenance.
7. Dams (07 hrs)
7.1 Classification of dams; earthen dams - types, causes of failure; cross- section of zoned earthen dams, method of construction, gravity dams –
types, cross-sections of a dam, method of construction
7.2 Concept of small and micro dams
7.3 Concept of spillways and energy dissipators
8. Canal Head Works and Regulatory Works (06 hrs)
Definition, object, general layout, functions of different parts of head works.
Difference between weir and barrage
9. Cross Drainage Works (04 hrs)
9.1 Functions and necessity of the following types: aqueduct, super passage,
level crossing, inlet and outlet, pipe crossing
9.2 Sketches of the above cross drainage works
10. Definitions of following Hydraulic Structures with Sketches (02 hrs)
10.1 Falls
10.2 Cross and head regulators
10.3 Outlets
10.4 Canal Escapes
11. River Training Works (04 hrs)
Methods of river training, guide banks, retired (levees) embankments, groynes and
spurs, pitched island, cut-off
12. Water Logging and Drainage and Ground Water Re-charge (03 hrs)
12.1 Definition of water logging – its causes and effects, detection, prevention
and remedies
12.2 Reclamation of soil
12.3 Surface and sub-surface drains and their layout
12.4 Concept and various techniques used for ground water re-charge