EIM (Diploma Electronics and Communication Engineering 3rd)

1. Basics of Measurements (04 hrs)

Measurement, methods of measurement, types of instruments

Specifications of instruments: Accuracy, precision, sensitivity, resolution, range, Errors in

measurement, sources of errors, limiting errors, Loading effect, Importance and applications

of standards and calibration

2. Voltage, Current and Resistance Measurement (12 hrs)

- Principles of operation and construction of permanent magnet moving coil (PMMC)

instruments. - Moving iron type instruments, measurement of D.C voltage and current, Block diagram, working principle, application and comparison of analog and digital Multimeter. - Specifications of multimeter and its applications. - Limitations with regard to frequency and input impedance.

3. Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (10 hrs)

- Construction and working of Cathode Ray Tube(CRT)

- Time base operation and need for blanking during flyback, synchronization

- Block diagram, description of a basic CRO and triggered sweep oscilloscope, front panel

controls. - Specifications of CRO and their explanation. - Measurement of voltage, current, frequency, time period and phase using CRO. - CRO probes, special features of dual beam, dual trace, delay sweep. - Digital storage oscilloscope (DSO) : block diagram and working principle.

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4. Signal Generators and Analytical Instruments (06 hrs)

- Explanation of block diagram specifications of low frequency and RF generators, pulse

generator, function generator

- Wave analyzer, distortion measurement and spectrum analyser

5. Impedance Bridges and Q Meters (10 hrs)

- Wheat stone bridge

- AC bridges: Maxwell’s induction bridge, Hay’s bridge, De-Sauty’s bridge, Schering bridge

and Anderson bridge

- Block diagram description of laboratory type RLC bridge, specifications of RLC bridge

- Block diagram and working principle of Q meter

6. Digital Instruments (06 hrs)

6.1 Comparison of analog and digital instruments

6.2 Working principle of ramp, dual slope and integration type digital voltmeter

6.3 Measurement of time interval, time period and frequency using universal

counter/frequency counter

6.4 Working principle of logic probe, logic pulser, logic analyzer, logic comparator,

signature analyzer