TD (Diploma Mechanical Engineering 3rd)

1. Fundamental Concepts (07 hrs)

Thermodynamic state and system, boundary, surrounding, universe,

thermodynamic systems – closed, open, isolated, adiabatic, homogeneous and

heterogeneous, macroscopic and microscopic, properties of system – intensive and

extensive, thermodynamic equilibrium, quasi – static process, reversible and

irreversible processes, Zeroth law of thermodynamics, definition of properties like

pressure, volume, temperature, enthalpy, internal energy.

2. Laws of Perfect Gases (06 hrs)

Definition of gases, explanation of perfect gas laws – Boyle’s law, Charle’s law,

Avagadro’s law, Regnault’s law, Universal gas constant, Characteristic gas

constants, derivation

Specific heat at constant pressure, specific heat at constant volume of gas,

derivation of an expression for specific heats with characteristics, simple problems

on gas equation

3. Thermodynamic Processes on Gases (08 hrs)

Types of thermodynamic processes – isochoric, isobaric, isothermal, hyperbolic,

isentropic, polytropic and throttling processes, equations representing the

processes

Derivation of work done, change in internal energy, change in entropy, rate of heat

transfer for the above processes

4. Laws of Thermodynamics (12 hrs)

Laws of conservation of energy, first law of thermodynamics (Joule’s

experiment), Application of first law of thermodynamics to non-flow systems – Constant volume, constant pressure, Adiabatic and polytropic processes, steady

flow energy equation, Application of steady flow energy to equation, turbines,

pump, boilers, compressors, nozzles, evaporators, limitations.

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Heat source and heat sinks, statement of second laws of thermodynamics: Kelvin

Planck’s statement, Classius statement, equivalence of statements, Perpetual

motion Machine of first kind, second kind, Carnot engine, Introduction of third

law of thermodynamics, concept of irreversibility, entropy.

5. Ideal and Real Gases (06 hrs)

Concept of ideal gas, enthalpy and specific heat capacities of an ideal gas,

P – V – T surface of an ideal gas, triple point, real gases, Vander-Wall’s equation

6. Properties of Steam (07 hrs)

Formation of steam and related terms, thermodynamics properties of steam, steam

tables, internal latent heat, internal energy of stream, entropy of water, entropy of

steam, T- S diagrams, Mollier diagram (H – S Chart), Expansion of steam,

Hyperbolic, reversible adiabatic and throttling processes

Quality of steam (dryness fraction), finding dryness fraction using separating and

throttling calorimeter, Rankine cycle

7. Steam Generators (06 hrs)

Uses of steam, classification of boilers, comparison of fire tube and water tube

boilers. Construction features of Lancashire boiler, nestler boiler, Babcock &

Wilcox Boiler. Introduction to modern boilers.

8. Air Compressors (08 hrs)

Functions of air compressor – uses of compressed air, type of air compressors

Single stage reciprocating air compressor, its construction and working,

representation of processes involved on P – V diagram, calculation of work done.

Multistage compressors – advantages over single stage compressors, use of air

cooler – condition of minimum work in two stage compressor (without proof),

simple problems

Rotary compressors – types, descriptive treatment of centrifugal compressor, axial

flow compressor, vane type compressor

9. Introduction to Heat Transfer (04 hrs)

Modes of heat transfer, Fourier’s law, steady state conduction, composite

structures, Natural and forced convection, thermal radiation