Solved question paper for EME May-2017 (B-TECH 1st-2nd)
Solved Question Paper
Elements of mechanical engineering May-2017
PTU • B-TECH • Civil Engineering • 1st-2nd • May-2017
elements of mechanical engineering previous year question papers on BRpaper are organized for students of Punjab Technical University’s Bachelor of Technology program, 1st-2nd semester. This section makes it easier to browse subject-wise old question papers for elements of mechanical engineering, so students can review how questions are typically framed in past exams and get a sense of the exam pattern. Many students search for elements of mechanical engineering question bank while preparing for exams, and this page is built to support exactly that kind of subject-wise browsing and revision. BRpaper is not the official website of Punjab Technical University or any institution, and it does not publish official notices or academic updates.
PART-A
1. Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics (08)
Definition of thermodynamic: Need to study thermodynamics; Application areas of thermodynamic; Difference between Microscopic (or, Statistical) thermodynamics and Macroscopic(or, Classical) thermodynamics; Brief concept of continuum; Thermodynamic System : definition, types (Open, Closed and Isolated) and their examples; Thermodynamic System Boundary : definition, types and their examples; Surroundings; Control(fixed) mass and Control Volume concept and their example ; Thermodynamic State; Thermodynamic Property: definition, types citing their examples; condition for any quantity to be a property; State postulate; Thermodynamic equilibrium (which includes Thermal, Mechanical and Chemical equilibrium etc.); Thermodynamic path; Thermodynamic process: definition, concept of reversible process, quasi-static (or, quasi-equilibrium) process, irreversible process, conditions for reversibility and how these are met with, non-flow processes and flow processes, method of representation of reversible and irreversible process on property diagrams; Cyclic process; Thermodynamic Cycle: definition and its concept; Energy and its forms (microscopic and macroscopic); Physical insight to internal energy; Energy transfer across system boundary i.e. transient energies (heat and work); Difference between heat and work; Sign conventions for heat and work interactions; heat and work as path functions; Equality of Temperature and Zeroth law of Thermodynamics.
2. First Law of Thermodynamics and its applications (12)
Definition, essence and corollaries or consequences of first law of Thermodynamics; Expressions for First law of Thermodynamics for a control mass undergoing a Cycle and for process (i.e., a change in state of a control mass) ; Concept of Enthalpy and total energy and differentiation between the two - a thermodynamic property; Compressible and incompressible substances, Specific heats, Difference between Internal Energy and Enthalpy of compressible and incompressible substances; Representation of first law of thermodynamics as rate equation; Analysis of non-flow/ flow process for a control mass undergoing constant volume, constant pressure, constant temperature, adiabatic and polytropic processes; Free Expansion Process and its examples, its representation on Property diagram; Review of concepts of control volume; Expressions of first law of thermodynamics for a control volume (i.e. open system) ; Steady State Steady Flow process and its examples; First law analysis of Steady State Flow process e.g. isochoric, isobaric, isothermal, isentropic and polytropic process; Throttling process and its applications; Flow energy or inertial energy of flowing fluids or, Energy transport by mass; Application of Steady State Flow Energy Equation to various engineering devices.
3. Second Law of Thermodynamics (16)
Limitations of first law of thermodynamics; and how 2nd law is fully able to explain away and thus overcome those shortcomings of Ist law; Thermal Reservoirs, source and sink (Low temperature and high temperatures); Heat Engine, Heat Pump and Refrigerator: definitions, working, efficiency/performance and their real life examples. Justification as to why the actual efficiency of Heat Pump and Refrigerator shall also be ≤ 100% though on the face of it seems to be more than 100%; Various statements of Second Law of Thermodynamics and their equivalence; Philosophy of Carnot cycle and its consequences viz. how each of the individual four processes constituting the cycle contribute in optimizing the output and efficiency of the cycle; Carnot Engine, Carnot Refrigerator and Carnot Heat Pump: definitions, working, efficiency/performance and Limitations of the cycle; Carnot theorem for heat engines, refrigerators and heat pumps; derivation of Carnot efficiency/COP (which seems to be more than 100%); Thermodynamic Temperature Scale; Clausius theorem and Inequality; Philosophy and concept of entropy; Entropy changes during various processes; Temperature - Entropy Chart and representation of various processes on it; Principle of Increase of Entropy; Applications of Entropy Principle; Quality of Energy viz. high and low grade energies; Degradation of Energy; Third Law of Thermodynamics.
PART-B
4. Gas Power Cycles (12)
Introduction; Concept and philosophy of Air Standard Cycle alongwith associated assumptions and advantages; Air Standard Efficiency; Nomenclature of reciprocating piston-cylinder arrangement with basic definitions such as swept volume, clearance volume, compression ratio, mean effective pressure etc; Otto Cycle (or constant volume heat addition cycle), Diesel cycle (or constant pressure heat addition cycle) and Dual cycle (Mixed or Composite or Limited Pressure cycle) with their representation on P-V and T-S charts, their Air-standard (thermal) Efficiencies; Brayton Cycle, Comparison of Otto, Diesel and Dual cycle under some defined similar parametric conditions; Introduction to heat engines; Merits of I.C. Engines and their important applications, Classification and constructional features of I.C. Engines; working of two stroke and four stroke Petrol and Diesel engines and their comparison.
5. Engineering Materials (05)
Materials and Civilization, Materials and Engineering, Classification of Engineering Materials, Mechanical Properties of Materials: elasticity, plasticity, strength, ductility, brittleness, melleability, toughness, resilience, hardness, machinability, formability, weldability. Properties, Composition, and Industrial Applications of materials: metals (ferrous- cast iron, tool steels, stainless steels and non ferrous- Aluminum, brass, bronze ), polymers (natural and synthetic , thermoplastic and thermosetting), ceramics (glass, optical fibre glass, cements), composites ( fibre reinforced, metal matrix), smart materials (piezoelectric, shape memory, thermochromic, photochromic, magnetorheological), Conductors, Semiconductors and insulators, Organic and Inorganic materials. Selection of materials for engineering applications.
6. Centroid, Centre of Gravity and Moment of Inertia: (08)
Difference between centre of gravity and centroid. Determination of position of centroid of plane geometric figures of I, U, H, L, T, C, Circular and Triangular Sections. Centroid of Composite Areas. Determination of position of Centre of Gravity (CG) of regular solids viz. Right Circular Cone, Solid Hemisphere, thin Hollow Hemisphere. Area moment of inertia & mass moment of inertia, Polar moment of inertia, Parallel axes Theorem (or transfer formula), Perpendicular axes Theorem, Radius of gyration, determination of area Moment of Inertia of I, U, H, L, T, C, Circular and Triangular Sections along various axes. Mass moment of Inertia of Circular Ring, Disc, Cylinder, Sphere and Cone about their axis of symmetry and other axes.
Solved Questions
Solved-
What is Equilibrium?Short Answer 2 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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What are the different forms of energy? Name them.Short Answer 2 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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Draw the PV and TS diagrams for isobaric process.Short Answer 2 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2017 Draw the PV diagram for isentropic process.
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Dec 2017 Define Isobaric process and draw its PV diagram.
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May 2015 Draw the PV and TS diagrams for isochoric process.
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May 2015 Draw the PV diagram for adiabatic process.
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May 2010 Draw P-V diagram for isobaric, isochoric and isothermal process.
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What are compressible and incompressible fluids?Short Answer 2 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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What is adiabatic process?Short Answer 2 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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Dec 2014 Define isobaric process?
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May 2008 What is isobaric process?
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Dec 2008 What is isothermal process?
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Define stress and strain.Short Answer 2 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2015 Define Stress And Strain.
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Define entropy.Short Answer 2 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2015 Define Entropy.
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Draw the PV and TS diagram of Diesel cycle.Short Answer 2 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2017 Draw the TS diagram for Diesel cycle.
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May 2015 Explain the working principle of Diesel cycle with the help of PV and TS diagrams.
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Define Weldability.Short Answer 2 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2020 Discuss the property of weldability.
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Dec 2020 Discuss the property of weldability.
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May 2019 Define weldability.
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Define Centroid.Short Answer 2 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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Dec 2023 Define centroid with a suitable example.
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In a gas turbine unit, the gases flow through the turbine is 20 kg/s and the power developed by the turbine is 16000 KW. The enthalpies of gases at the inlet and outlet are 1260 KJ/kg and 400 KJ/kg respectively, and the velocity of gases at the inlet and outlet are 50 m/s and 110 m/s respectively. Calculate the rate at which heat is rejected by the turbine.Long Answer May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2017 In a gas turbine unit, the gases flow through the turbine is 20 kg/s and the power developed by the turbine is 16000 KW. The enthalpies of gases at the inlet and outlet are 1260 KJ/kg and 400 KJ/kg respectively, and the velocity of gases at the inlet and outlet are 50 m/s and 110 m/s respectively. Calculate the area of the inlet pipe if the specific volume of the gases at inlet is 0.40 m3/kg.
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May 2015 In a gas turbine unit, the gases flow through the turbine is 20 kg/s and the power developed by the turbine is 16000 KW. The enthalpies of gases at the inlet and outlet are 1260 KJ/kg and 400 KJ/kg respectively, and the velocity of gases at the inlet and outlet are 50 m/s and 110 m/s respectively. Calculate the rate at which heat is rejected by the turbine.
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May 2015 In a gas turbine unit, the gases flow through the turbine is 20 kg/s and the power developed by the turbine is 16000 KW. The enthalpies of gases at the inlet and outlet are 1260 KJ/kg and 400 KJ/kg respectively, and the velocity of gases at the inlet and outlet are 50 m/s and 110 m/s respectively. Calculate the area of the inlet pipe if the specific volume of the gases at inlet is 0.40 m3/kg.
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In a gas turbine unit, the gases flow through the turbine is 20 kg/s and the power developed by the turbine is 16000 KW. The enthalpies of gases at the inlet and outlet are 1260 KJ/kg and 400 KJ/kg respectively, and the velocity of gases at the inlet and outlet are 50 m/s and 110 m/s respectively. Calculate the area of the inlet pipe if the specific volume of the gases at inlet is 0.40 m3/kg.Long Answer May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2017 In a gas turbine unit, the gases flow through the turbine is 20 kg/s and the power developed by the turbine is 16000 KW. The enthalpies of gases at the inlet and outlet are 1260 KJ/kg and 400 KJ/kg respectively, and the velocity of gases at the inlet and outlet are 50 m/s and 110 m/s respectively. Calculate the rate at which heat is rejected by the turbine.
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May 2015 In a gas turbine unit, the gases flow through the turbine is 20 kg/s and the power developed by the turbine is 16000 KW. The enthalpies of gases at the inlet and outlet are 1260 KJ/kg and 400 KJ/kg respectively, and the velocity of gases at the inlet and outlet are 50 m/s and 110 m/s respectively. Calculate the rate at which heat is rejected by the turbine.
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May 2015 In a gas turbine unit, the gases flow through the turbine is 20 kg/s and the power developed by the turbine is 16000 KW. The enthalpies of gases at the inlet and outlet are 1260 KJ/kg and 400 KJ/kg respectively, and the velocity of gases at the inlet and outlet are 50 m/s and 110 m/s respectively. Calculate the area of the inlet pipe if the specific volume of the gases at inlet is 0.40 m3/kg.
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State and explain the Kelvin Planck and Claussis statement of second law of thermodynamics.Long Answer 8 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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Dec 2023 a) State Clausius and Kelvin-Planck statements of second law of thermodynamics and prove their equivalence.
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Dec 2017 State second law of thermodynamics. Prove the equivalence of Kelvin-Planck statement and Clausius statement of second law of thermodynamics.
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May 2015 State Kelvin-Planck and Claussius statements of second law of thermodynamics? Also show equivalence between them.
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Dec 2014 State Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements of second low of thermodynamics? Also show equivalence between them.
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May 2010 State Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements of second law of thermodynamics. Explain the equivalence of Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements.
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May 2009 Discuss equivalence of various statements of the second law of thermodynamics.
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Dec 2009 Write various statements of second law of thermodynamics and also show their equivalence.
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State and prove the Zeroth’s law of thermodynamics.Long Answer 8 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2019 State Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics.
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Dec 2018 Define zeroth law of thermodynamics.
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Dec 2017 State the third law of thermodynamics.
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May 2016 Give the Kelvin-Plank statement of the second law.
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Dec 2016 State the Clausius statement of second law of thermodynamics.
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May 2015 State and explain the second law of thermodynamics.
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May 2015 State and prove the Zeroth’s law of thermodynamics.
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Dec 2008 Define third law of thermodynamics.
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Dec 2005 State the Zeroth law of Thermodynamics.
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One kg of air enters a compressor at 10 5 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally determine the work done.Long Answer May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2017 One kg of air enters a compressor at 10 5 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally determine the change in internal energy.
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May 2017 One kg of air enters a compressor at 10 5 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally determine the heat transferred.
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May 2017 In air compressor air enters at 1.013 bar and 27 degree centigrade having volume 5.0 m3/kg and it is compressed to 12 bar isothermally. Determine work done.
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May 2017 In air compressor air enters at 1.013 bar and 27 degree centigrade having volume 5.0 m3/kg and it is compressed to 12 bar isothermally. Determine heat transfer.
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May 2017 In air compressor air enters at 1.013 bar and 27 degree centigrade having volume 5.0 m3/kg and it is compressed to 12 bar isothermally. Determine change in internal energy.
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May 2015 One kg of air enters a compressor at 105 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally. Determine the work done.
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May 2015 One kg of air enters a compressor at 105 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally. Determine the change in internal energy.
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May 2015 One kg of air enters a compressor at 105 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally. Determine the heat transferred.
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May 2015 In air compressor air enters at 1.013 bar and 27 degree centigrade having volume 5.0 m3/kg and it is compressed to 12 bar isothermally. Determine work done, heat transfer and change in internal energy.
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One kg of air enters a compressor at 10 5 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally determine the change in internal energy.Long Answer May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2017 One kg of air enters a compressor at 10 5 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally determine the work done.
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May 2017 One kg of air enters a compressor at 10 5 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally determine the heat transferred.
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May 2017 In air compressor air enters at 1.013 bar and 27 degree centigrade having volume 5.0 m3/kg and it is compressed to 12 bar isothermally. Determine work done.
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May 2017 In air compressor air enters at 1.013 bar and 27 degree centigrade having volume 5.0 m3/kg and it is compressed to 12 bar isothermally. Determine heat transfer.
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May 2017 In air compressor air enters at 1.013 bar and 27 degree centigrade having volume 5.0 m3/kg and it is compressed to 12 bar isothermally. Determine change in internal energy.
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May 2015 One kg of air enters a compressor at 105 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally. Determine the work done.
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May 2015 One kg of air enters a compressor at 105 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally. Determine the change in internal energy.
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May 2015 One kg of air enters a compressor at 105 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally. Determine the heat transferred.
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May 2015 In air compressor air enters at 1.013 bar and 27 degree centigrade having volume 5.0 m3/kg and it is compressed to 12 bar isothermally. Determine work done, heat transfer and change in internal energy.
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One kg of air enters a compressor at 10 5 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally determine the heat transferred.Long Answer May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2017 One kg of air enters a compressor at 10 5 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally determine the work done.
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May 2017 One kg of air enters a compressor at 10 5 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally determine the change in internal energy.
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May 2017 In air compressor air enters at 1.013 bar and 27 degree centigrade having volume 5.0 m3/kg and it is compressed to 12 bar isothermally. Determine work done.
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May 2017 In air compressor air enters at 1.013 bar and 27 degree centigrade having volume 5.0 m3/kg and it is compressed to 12 bar isothermally. Determine heat transfer.
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May 2017 In air compressor air enters at 1.013 bar and 27 degree centigrade having volume 5.0 m3/kg and it is compressed to 12 bar isothermally. Determine change in internal energy.
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May 2015 One kg of air enters a compressor at 105 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally. Determine the work done.
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May 2015 One kg of air enters a compressor at 105 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally. Determine the change in internal energy.
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May 2015 One kg of air enters a compressor at 105 Pa and 25°C having volume of 1.8 m3 and is compressed to 5 × 105 Pa isothermally. Determine the heat transferred.
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May 2015 In air compressor air enters at 1.013 bar and 27 degree centigrade having volume 5.0 m3/kg and it is compressed to 12 bar isothermally. Determine work done, heat transfer and change in internal energy.
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Explain the working principle of Otto cycle with the help of PV and TS diagrams.Long Answer 8 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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Dec 2016 Draw p-v and T-S diagram for the Otto cycle.
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May 2015 Draw the PV and TS diagram of Otto cycle.
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May 2015 Draw the TS diagram for Otto cycle.
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Dec 2014 Draw the PV and TS diagram for Otto cycle?
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What are metals?Short Answer 8 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2015 What are metals? How metals are different from non-metals?
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Explain the various mechanical properties of metals.Long Answer 8 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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Differentiate between thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics.Short Answer 8 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2020 What is the difference between thermoplastic and thermosetting materials?
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Dec 2020 What is the difference between thermoplastic and thermosetting materials?
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May 2012 Differentiate between thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic.
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State and explain the parallel axis theorem.Short Answer 8 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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From a rectangular lamina ABCD in which AB = 60 cm and BC = 40 cm, a triangular piece OBC is removed such that CO = BO = 25 cm. Calculate the CG of the remainder.Long Answer 8 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2015 From a rectangular lamina ABCD in which AB = 60cm and BC = 40cm, a triangular piece OBC is removed such that CO = BO = 25cm. Calculate the CG of the remainder.
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An engine working on otto cycle has the following conditions: Pressure at the beginning of compression = 1 × 10^5 N/m^2, Pressure at the end of compression = 10 bar. Calculate the air standard efficiency of the engine, take γ = 1.4.Long Answer 8 Marks May-2017 • PTU B-TECH
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May 2018 In an air standard Otto cycle the pressure and temperature at the start of compression is 1 bar and 310 K. The pressure at the end of compression is 28 bar and at the end of heat addition is 75 bar. Calculate the compression ratio.
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May 2018 In an air standard Otto cycle the pressure and temperature at the start of compression is 1 bar and 310 K. The pressure at the end of compression is 28 bar and at the end of heat addition is 75 bar. Calculate the maximum temperature in the cycle.
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May 2018 In an air standard Otto cycle the pressure and temperature at the start of compression is 1 bar and 310 K. The pressure at the end of compression is 28 bar and at the end of heat addition is 75 bar. Calculate the work ratio.
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May 2018 In an air standard Otto cycle the pressure and temperature at the start of compression is 1 bar and 310 K. The pressure at the end of compression is 28 bar and at the end of heat addition is 75 bar. Calculate the thermal efficiency.
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May 2018 In an air standard Otto cycle the compression ratio is 10, the compression begins at 38°C, 1 bar, and the maximum temperature of the cycle is 1060°C. Determine the heat supplied per kg of air.
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May 2018 In an air standard Otto cycle the compression ratio is 10, the compression begins at 38°C, 1 bar, and the maximum temperature of the cycle is 1060°C. Determine the work done per kg of air.
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May 2018 In an air standard Otto cycle the compression ratio is 10, the compression begins at 38°C, 1 bar, and the maximum temperature of the cycle is 1060°C. Determine the maximum pressure of the cycle.
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May 2018 In an air standard Otto cycle the compression ratio is 10, the compression begins at 38°C, 1 bar, and the maximum temperature of the cycle is 1060°C. Determine the thermal efficiency.
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Dec 2017 An engine is working on OTTO cycle. The pressure and temperature at the beginning of compression stroke are 1 bar and 300 K and the temperature at the end of compression stroke is 600 K. If the temperature at the end of constant volume heat addition process is 1800 K, calculate the air standard efficiency, heat addition per kg of air and heat rejected per kg of air. Assume γ = 1.4, Cv = 0.751 J/kg K.
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May 2015 An engine working on Otto cycle has the following conditions: Pressure at the beginning of compression = 1 × 105 N/m2. Pressure at the end of compression = 10 bar. Calculate the air standard efficiency of the engine. Take y = 1.4.
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May 2015 An engine working on Otto cycle has the following conditions: Pressure at the beginning of compression =1 × 10^5 N/m^2 Pressure at the end of compression = 10 bar. Calculate the air standard efficiency of the engine, Take y = 1.4
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Dec 2014 In an air standard Otto cycle, the pressure and temperature at the start of compression is 1 bar and 310 K. The pressure at the end of compression is 28 bar and at the end of heat addition is 75 bar. Calculate: (a) the compression ratio, (b) the maximum temperature in the cycle, (c) work ratio, (d) thermal efficiency.
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May 2008 An air standard Otto cycle operates with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. At the beginning of the compression the air is at 1 bar and 32°C and during the heat addition process the pressure is tripled. Calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle.
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May 2008 An air standard Otto cycle operates with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. At the beginning of the compression the air is at 1 bar and 32°C and during the heat addition process the pressure is tripled. Calculate the efficiency of the Carnot engine operating between the same overall temperature limits.
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Dec 2008 An air standard Otto cycle has compression ratio 10, the compression begins at 37.8°C, 1 bar and maximum temperature of the cycle is 1050°C. Determine: (a) the heat supplied per kg of air, (b) the work done per kg of air, (c) the maximum pressure of the cycle, and (d) the thermal efficiency.
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Answers about this subject, solved papers, and preparation.
01 Where can I find elements of mechanical engineering previous year question papers for Bachelor of Technology, 1st-2nd semester?
This page lists elements of mechanical engineering question papers uploaded for Punjab Technical University Bachelor of Technology, 1st-2nd semester, organized for subject-wise browsing where available.
02 Are these official Punjab Technical University question papers?
BRpaper is not the official website of Punjab Technical University. These papers are shared for reference and revision purposes only and are not official university material.
03 How can previous year elements of mechanical engineering papers help in exam preparation?
Reviewing past papers can help you understand how questions are typically framed, notice commonly repeated topics, and get a sense of the exam pattern before your own exam.
04 What kind of topics does elements of mechanical engineering usually cover?
The question papers here relate to the official elements of mechanical engineering syllabus set by the university for this course and semester.
05 Does this page include a elements of mechanical engineering question bank or solved answers?
This page focuses on providing access to the previous year question papers themselves. A separate question bank or solved answers may not be available for every paper.
06 Can I find papers for other subjects in the same Bachelor of Technology?
Yes, BRpaper organizes papers by university, course, stream, and semester, so you can browse other subjects within the same Punjab Technical University Bachelor of Technology.