ICE (B-TECH Automobile Engineering 3rd)

Internal Combustion Engines

Fundamentals:

Engine terminology, classification. Working principle of two stroke and four stroke engine, Scavenging, scavenging processes. Thermodynamic cycles for automobile engine- Air standard cycle, Otto cycle, Diesel cycle, Dual cycle, Comparison between different cycles, Valve timing diagram for engine under different conditions, Firing order, Factors affecting on selection of firing order. Square Engine, Wankel engine. Engine Mountings.

Constructional Details

Cylinder block, Engine cylinder, Cylinder liner, Cylinder Head and cover, Piston for C.I. and S.I. engine, Piston rings, Piston pin, Connecting rod, Crank shaft, Main bearings, Cam shaft, Oil pan, Engine mountings and Engine balancing, Vibration Damper, Cam shafts & drives, Inlet and exhaust valves, Valve actuating mechanism including variable control system, Air cleaner, Manifold & gasket – intake and exhaust, silencer, tail pipe.

Combustion in S.I.

Engine Ignition limits, Stages of combustion in petrol engine, Ignition lag, Effect of engine variables on ignition lag, Effect of engine variables on flame propagation, Abnormal combustion, Detonation, Effects of detonation, Theories of detonation, Effects of engine variables on knock, Control of knock. Surface ignition, Pre ignition, Post ignition, S.I. engine combustion chamber design, Types of combustion chambers for S.I. engine, Very high output combustion chamber engines

Combustion in C.I.

Engine Air fuel ratio in C.I. engine, Stages of combustion in C.I. engine, Delay period, Variables affecting on delay period, Diesel knock, Methods of controlling diesel knock, C.I. engine combustion chamber, Direct injection type, Open type, Turbulent type, Pre chamber, M combustion chamber, Cold starting of C.I. engine- decompression devices, heater plug, inlet manifold heater, Chemical spray

Petrol Engine Fuel Supply System

Methods of fuel supply system- gravity system, pressure system, Vacuum system, pump system, Components of fuel supply system –Fuel tank, fuel pump (Mechanical and Electrical) Vapor return line, Air cleaner, Fuel filters, Carburetion, Functions of carburetor, simple carburetor, Limitations of simple carburetor, Types of CarburetorSolex and SU carburetor, Special features of modern carburetor. Benefits of electronic fuel injection system. Diesel Engine Fuel Supply System Comparison of diesel engine with petrol engine, Requirements of diesel injection system, Fuel feed pump, Types of injection system, fuel injection pump, and fuel injectors. Fuel filter, air cleaner, Phasing and calibration of fuel injection pump, Injector Testing (pressure test, leak test) Electronic control of fuel injection system

Engine Friction, Lubrication And Lubricants.

Total engine friction, Effects of engine variables on engine friction, Lubrication- Objectives of lubrication, Lubricants used, Requirements & selection of lubricants, Viscosity rating, Multi grade oil, Additives used in lubricant, Effects of engine variables on lubricating oil, Oil consumption, Different parts of engine to be lubricated, Types of lubrication system- petroil system, Wet sump method, Dry sump method, Fully and partially pressurized lubrication system, Components of lubrication system- oil strainer, Oil filter and its types.

Engine Cooling System:

Distribution of heat supplied to engine, Necessity of engine cooling, Piston and engine Cylinder temperatures, Factors affecting on piston temperature, Types of cooling system, Air cooling system, Water cooling system, Thermosyphon cooling, Cooling with thermostatic regulator. Components of water cooling system-Radiator, Pressure Cap, Expansion Reservoir, Coolants, Thermostat, Water Pump, Viscous coupling, Comparison between water cooling and air cooling. Effects of over and under cooling.

Supercharging

Objects of supercharging, Relative power with and without supercharging, Supercharging of spark ignition engine, Supercharging of C.I. engine, Effects of supercharging on performance of engine, Supercharging limits for S.I. and C.I. engine, Methods of super charging, Supercharges, Turbo charging, Comparison with supercharging, Methods of turbo charging, Limitations of turbo charging.

Performance Testing of Engine

Losses in the engine, Performance parameters, Performance curves, Methods of improving performance of engine, Testing of engine, Classification of testing, Basic measurement- Speed, Fuel consumption, Air consumption, Mean effective pressure, Brake power, Indicated power, Frictional power (with different methods), Mechanical efficiency, Thermal efficiency, volumetric efficiency, Heat balance sheet, Engine analyzer.