Fluid Mechanics-II
1. Laminar Flow: Navier-stokes equations in Cartesian coordinates (no derivation), meaning of terms, flow between parallel plates, stokes law. Flow through porous media,. Transition from laminar to turbulent flow.
2. Boundary Layer Analysis: Assumption and concept of boundary layer theory. Boundary-layer thickness, displacement, momentum & energy thickness, laminar and Turbulent boundary layers on a flat plate; Laminar sub-layer, smooth and rough boundaries. Local and average friction coefficients. Separation and Control.
3. Turbulent Flow: Definition of turbulence, scale and intensity, Effects of turbulent flow in pipes. Equation for velocity distribution in smooth and rough pipes (no derivation). Resistance diagram.
4. Flow Past immersed bodies: Drag and lift deformation Drag and pressure drag. Drag on a sphere, cylinder and Airfoil: lift-Magnus Effect and circulation, lift on a circular cylinder.
5. Uniform flow in open Channels: Flow classifications, basic resistance Equation for open channel flow. Chezy, Manning, Bazin and Kutter formulae. Variation of roughness coefficient, conveyance and normal depth. Velocity Distribution. Most efficient flow sections; rectangular, trapezoidal and circular.
6. Energy and Momentum principles and critical flow: Energy and specific Energy in an open channel; critical depth for rectangular and trapezoidal channels. Alternate depths, applications of specific energy to transitions and Broads crested weirs. Momentum and specific force in open channel flow, sequent depths.
7. Gradually varied Flow: Different Equation of water surface profile; limitation, properties and classification of water and surface profiles with examples, computation of water surface profile by graphical, numerical and analytical approaches.
8. Hydraulic Jump and Surges: Theory of Jump, Elements of jump in a rectangular Channel, length and height of jump, location of jump, Energy dissipation and other uses, surge as a moving hydraulic jump. Positive and negative surges