I. C. Engines
Introduction to IC Engines: Definition of engine; Heat Engine, Historical Development of IC Engines, Classification & Nomenclature, Application of IC Engines, Air Standard Cycle, Carnot Cycle, Sterling Cycle, Ericson Cycle, Otto Cycle, Diesel cycle, Dual Cycle, Thermodynamics Analysis of these cycles.
Actual Working of I.C. Engine: Working of 4 stroke petrol & diesel engines and their valve timing diagram, working of 2-stroke petrol & diesel engines & their valve timing diagrams, comparison of two stroke & four stroke engines, Actual working of 2 & 4 stroke gas engine and their valve diagram. Fuel Air Cycles and their analysis: Introduction to fuel air cycles and their significance, composition of cylinder gases, variable specific heats, Dissociation, effect of no. of moles, comparison of air standards & fuel air cycles, effect of operating variable like compression ratio, fuel air ratio, actual cycles and their analysis; Difference between Actual and Fuel-Air Cycle, Actual and Fuel-Air Cycles for S.I. and C.I. Engines.
IC Engine Fuels: Introduction, types of fuels, solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, chemical structure of petroleum, petroleum refining process, important qualities of S.I. & C.I. Engine fuels and their rating. Combustion of fuels; Calorific valves of fuels, theoretical determination of CV of fuel, combustion equation for hydrocarbon fuels, determination of minimum air required for combustion, conversions of volumetric analysis of mass analysis, Determination of air supplied from volumetric analysis of Dry flue gases, Determination of excess air supplied , Determination of % of carbon in fuel burning to CO & CO2 , Determination of minimum quantity of air supplied to gaseous
Fuel Supply System: Fuel Supply System and fuel pumps, properties of air fuel mixture, a sample carburetor an its working, approximate analysis of simple carburetor, Actual air fuel ratio of single jet carburetor, Exact analysis of single jet carburetor, ideal requirements from a carburetor, limitations of single jet carburetor, different devices used to meet the requirements of an ideal carburetor. Different modern carburetors, introduction to petrol injection, fuel injection systems for C.I. Engines: classification of injection systems, injection pump, injection pump governor, mechanical governor, fuel injection systems, injection pump Governor, Mechanical Governor, Fuel Injector, Nozzle, Injection of S.I. Engines, Fuel Filters.
Combustion in S.I. Engines: Introduction, Stages of Combination in S.I. Engine, Flame font propagation, factor influencing the flame speed, ignition lag and factors affecting the lag, Abnormal combustion and knocking, control and measurement of knock, rating of S.I. Engine fuels and anti knock agents, combustion chambers of S.I. Engines
Supercharging: Introduction, purpose of supercharging, type of superchargers, analysis of superchargers, performance of superchargers, Arrangement of Supercharger and its installation, Turbo charged engines, supercharging of S.I. & C.I. Engines. Limitations of supercharging.
Measurement and Testing: Measurement of friction horse power, brake horse power, indicated horse power, measurement of speed, air consumption, fuel consumption, heat carried by cooling water, heat carried by the exhaust gases, heat balance sheet, governing of I.C. Engines, performance characteristics of I.C. Engines: Performance parameters, performance of S.I. Engines, performance of C.I. Engine, Engine performance maps