SECTION-A
Unit-I: Introduction: Definition, object, scope and sub division of geology, geology around us. The
interior of the earth. Importance of geology in Civil Engineering projects.
Unit-II: Physical Geology: The external and internal geological forces causing changes, weathering
and erosion of the surface of the earth. Geological work of ice, water and winds. Soil profile and its
importance. Earthquakes and volcanoes.
SECTION-B
Unit-III: Mineralogy and Petrology: Definition and mineral and rocks. Classification of important
rock forming minerals, simple description based on physical properties of minerals.
Rocks of earth surface, classification of rocks. Mineral composition, Textures, structure and origin of
Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic rocks. Aims and principles of stratigraphy. Standard
geological/ stratigraphical time scale with its sub division and a short description based on
engineering uses of formation of India.
Unit-IV: Structural Geology: Forms and structures of rocks. Bedding plane and outcrops, Dip and
Strike. Elementary ideas about fold, fault, joint and unconformity and recognition on outcrops.
Importance of geological structures in Civil Engineering projects.
SECTION-C
Unit-V: Ground water geology- Hydrogeology, aquifers,water table, springs and Artesian well,
aquifers, ground water in engineering projects. Artificial recharge of ground water, Elementary ideas
of geological investigations. Remote sensing techniques for geological and hydrological survey and
investigation. Uses of geological maps and interpretation of data, geological reports.
SECTION-D
Unit-VI: Applied geology-Physio graphic division in India,Suitability and stability of foundation
sites and abutments. Geological conditions and their influence on the selection, location, type and
design of dams, reservoirs, tunnels, highways, bridges etc.
Unit-VII: Landslides and Hillslope stability. Improvement of foundation rocks, precaution and
treatment against faults, joints and ground water, retaining walls and other precautions. Geology and
environment of earth.