TE2 (B-TECH Civil Engineering 6th)

SECTION-A

UNIT-I-Design of Flexible Pavements

Types of pavements. Flexible and rigid pavements. Components of a pavement and their functions.

Factors affecting design of pavements. Design of thickness of a flexible pavement by Group Index

method, CBR method (including latest IRC guidelines), Triaxial method and Burmister’s method.

Unit-II Design of Rigid Pavements

Westergaard’s theory, critical locations of loading, load and temperature stresses. Critical

combination of stresses. IRC guidelines for determination of thickness of a rigid pavement.

Joints: requirements, types, patterns. Spacing of expansion and contraction joints. Functions of dowel

and tie bars.

SECTION-B

Unit-III-Highway Construction: Non-Bituminous Pavements

Brief introduction to earthwork machinery: shovel, hoe, clamshell, dragline, bulldozers. Principles of

field compaction of subgrade. Compacting equipments. Granular roads. Construction steps of WBM.

WMM. Construction of cement concrete pavements, Slip-form pavers, Basic concepts of the

following: soil stabilized roads, use of geo-synthetics, reinforced cement concrete pavements,

prestress concrete pavements, roller compacted concrete pavements and fibre reinforced concrete

pavements.

Unit-IV Construction of Bituminous Pavements

Various types of bituminous constructions. Prime coat, tack coat, seal coat and surface dressing.

Construction of BUSG, Premix carpet, BM, DBM and AC. Brief coverage of machinery for

construction of bituminous roads: bitumen boiler, sprayer, pressure distributor, hot-mix plant, cold-

mix plant, tipper trucks, mechanical paver or finisher, rollers. Mastic asphalt. Introduction to various

IRC and MOST specifications.

SECTION-C

Unit-V Highway Maintenance

Pavement failures. Maintenance operations. Maintenance of WBM, bituminous surfaces and cement

concrete pavements. Pavement evaluation. Benkleman beam. Introduction to various types of

overlays.

Unit-VI Highway Drainage and Hill Roads

Surface drainage: types, brief design. Types of sub-surface drainage. Special characteristics of hill

roads: geometrics, hair pin bends, construction of hill roads, drainage of hill roads, maintenance

problems of hill roads.

SECTION-D

Unit-VII Highway Economics and Finance

Need of economic evaluation. Highway user benefits and costs. Methods of economic evaluation:

benefit cost ratio method, net present value method, internal rate of return method, comparison.

Highway finance.

Unit-VIII-Tunnels

Sections of tunnels: advantages, limitations and suitability of each section. Shaft. Pilot tunnel.

Driving tunnel in rocks: sequence of construction operations, full-face method, heading and bench

method, drift method. Driving tunnels in soft ground: sequence of construction operations, needle

beam method, shield tunneling, compressed air tunneling.