Introduction
Pollutants - sources - formation - effects - transient operational effects on pollution. Introduction, Pollutants,
sources, formation of HC and CO in SI engines, NO formation in SI and CI engines, Particulate emission from SI
and CI engines, Smoke Emission in CI engines. Effect of operating variables on Emission formation
SI Engine Combustion And Pollutant Formation
Chemistry of SI engine combustion - HC and CO formation in 4-stoke and 2-stroke SI engines - NO formation in
SI engines - Particulate emissions form SI engines - Effects of operating variables on emission formation.
CI Engine Combustion And Emissions
Basics of diesel combustion. Smoke emission in diesel engines, NOx emission from diesel engines. Particulate
emission in diesel engines. Color and aldehyde emissions from Diesel engines. Effects of operating variables on
emission formation.
Post Combustion Treatment
Introduction, physical conditions and exhaust gas compositions before treatment, catalytic mechanism. Thermal
reactions, installation of catalyst in exhaust lines, NOx treatment in diesel engines. Diesel trap oxidizers
Control Techniques Engine Emission Reduction
Design changes - Optimization of operating factors - Exhaust gas recirculation - Fumigation - Air injection PCV
system - Exhaust treatment in SI engines - Thermal reactors - Catalytic converters - Catalysts - Use of unleaded
petrol.
Test Procedure & Instrumentation For Emission Measurement
Test procedures, NDIR analyser, thermal conductivity and flame ionization detectors, Chemiliuminescent
analyser, analysers for NOx, Gas chromatograph - Orsat apparatus -Smoke meters, spot sampling and
continuous indication types like Bosch, Hart ridge.
Laws and Regulations
Historical background, regulatory test procedures (European cycles), exhaust gas pollutants (European rail road
limits), particulate pollutants, European statutory values, inspection of vehicles in circulation (influence of actual
traffic conditions and influence of vehicle maintenance) Indian Emission Standards