Basic Concept of machines: Link mechanism kinematic pair and chain, principles of inversion,
inversion of a four bar chain, slider-crank-chain, double slider-crank chain and their inversions,
kinematic pairs.
Determination of forces and couples for a crank,inertia of reciprocating parts, dynamically
equivalent system, analytical and graphical method, inertia force analysis of basic engine
mechanism torque required to overcome inertia and gravitational force of a four bar linkage.
Belts, Ropes and Chains: Material, types of drives, idle pulley, intermediate or counter shaft
pulley, angle and right angle drive, quarter turn drive, velocity ratio, crowning shaft pulley,
loose and fast pulley, stepped or cone pulleys, ratio of tension on tight and slack sided of belts,
HP transmitted by belts including consideration of creep and slip, centrifugal tensions and its
effect on HP transmitted. Use of gravity, idle, flat, V-belts and rope materials. Length of belt,
rope and chain drives, type and cone type.
Cams: Types of cams and follower, definitions of terms connected with cams, displacement
velocity and acceleration diagrams for cam followers. Analytical and Graphical design of cam
profiles with various motions (SHM, uniform acceleration and retardation) .
Flywheels: Turning moment and crank effort diagrams for reciprocating machines Fluctuations
of speed, coefficient of fluctuation of speed and energy, Determination of flywheel mass and
dimensions for engines and Punching Machines
Governors:Function, types and characteristics of governors, Watt, Porter and Proell governor.
Hartnell and Willson Hartnell, spring loaded governors, Simple numerical problems on these
governors. Sensitivity, stability, isochronisms and hunting of governors, Governor Effort and
power controlling force curve, effect of sleeve friction.
Balancing: Classifications, need for balancing, balancing of single and multiple rotating masses,
static and dynamic balancing, primary and secondary balancing for reciprocating masses, partial
balancing of locomotives, swaying couple, hammer blow, variation in tractive effort, balancing
of V-engine, concept of direct and reverse crank, balancing of machines, rotors, reversible
rotors