FMM (B-TECH Automobile Engineering 4th)

Fluid and their properties: Concept of fluid, difference between solids, liquids and gases; ideal

and real fluids; capillarity, vapors pressure, compressibility and bulk modulus; Newtonian and

non- Newtonian fluids.

Fluid Statics: Concept of pressure, Pascal’s law and its engineering applications, Hydrostatic

paradox. Action of fluid pressure on a plane (horizontal, vertical and inclined) submerged

surface, resultant force and center of pressure, force on a curved surface due to hydrostatic

pressure. Buoyancy and flotation, stability of floating and submerged bodies, metacentric

height and its determination.

Fluid Kinematics: Classification of fluid flows, velocity and acceleration of fluid particle, local

and convective acceleration, normal and tangential acceleration, streamline, path line and

streak line, flow rate and discharge mean velocity, continuity equation in Cartesian and

cylindrical, polar coordinates. Rotational flows, rotation velocity and circulation, stream and

velocity potential functions, flow net.

Fluid Dynamics : Euler’s equation, Bernoulli’s equation and steady flow energy equation;

representation of energy changes in fluid system, impulse momentum equation, kinetic energy

and momentum correction factors, flow along a curved streamline,

Dimensional Analysis and Similitude: Fundamental and derived units and dimensions,

dimensional homogeneity. Rayleigh’s and Buckingham’s Pi method for dimensional analysis.

Dimensionless numbers and their significance, geometric, kinematic and dynamic similarity,

model studies.

Introduction to Laminar and Turbulent Flows. Flow in circular cross- section pipes. Turbulent

flows and flow losses in pipes, Darcy equation, minor head losses in pipes and pipe fittings,

hydraulic and energy gradient lines.

Fluid Flow Measurements: Manometers, pitot tubes, ventui meter and orifice meters, orifice,

mouthpieces, notches and weirs, rotameter.

Fluid machinery

Basic components of a turbo machine and its classification on the basis of purpose, fluid

dynamic action, operating principle, geometrical features, path followed by the fluid.

Classification, Principle of operation of centrifugal and axial pumps, Construction, operation and

utility of simple accumulator, intensifier, gear, vane and piston pumps.